Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) is a mental condition that affects how a person thinks, perceives, and relates to others. People with HPD exhibit excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. They are often lively, dramatic, enthusiastic, and flirtatious, but these behaviors usually have the underlying motive of drawing attention to themselves.
Defining the Disorder
The word ‘histrionic’ comes from the Latin histrionicus, meaning ‘pertaining to the actor’. This highlights one of the main characteristics of this disorder: acting dramatically or theatrically in situations that do not warrant such behaviour. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), defines HPD as a persistent pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior that typically begins in early adulthood.
People with HPD tend to feel uncomfortable when they are not the center of attention and may use physical appearance or sexually suggestive behavior to attract attention. They often have rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions, and their style of speech tends to be excessively impressionistic and lacking detail. They are easily influenced by others or circumstances and may consider relationships to be more intimate than they actually are.
Causes of Histrionic Personality Disorder
The exact cause of HPD remains unknown, although many clinicians believe that it’s likely an intersection of genetic and environmental factors. Research suggests that HPD is more prevalent in people who have a close relative diagnosed with the disorder, indicating a genetic predisposition. Environments that encourage or reward this type of behavior, especially during development years, could increase the likelihood of developing HPD.
Impact on One’s Life
Histrionic Personality Disorder can significantly impact one’s work, relationships, and overall life. In the workplace, this disorder can cause conflicts with colleagues and superiors due to the constant need for attention, inappropriate behavior, or perceived shallow commitments to tasks. In relationships, the affected person’s drama, emotional intensity, and neediness can strain relationships to the point of dysfunction.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of HPD is usually by a trained mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist. The diagnosis is based on the individual’s symptoms and behavior. Treatment for HPD typically involves psychotherapy, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The ultimate goal of therapy for HPD is to help the individual uncover the motivations and fears associated with their thoughts and behavior and to help them learn to relate to others in a more positive and rewarding way.
Stigma and Society
People with HPD often face stigma and misunderstanding due to the theatrical or ‘dramatic’ nature of their behavior. It’s crucial to respect and empathize with people diagnosed with HPD, just as with any other mental health disorder. They are dealing with a legitimate and recognized psychiatric condition that requires treatment and understanding.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Histrionic Personality Disorder is a psychiatric condition marked by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking. Despite the stigma, it’s crucial to appreciate that HPD individuals are not simply ‘dramatic’ or ‘overly emotional’ by choice. Their behavior is the manifestation of a deep-seated disorder that requires clinical intervention and ongoing care. Understanding this disorder can help break down barriers of stigma, fostering empathy and aiding those affected.
FAQs
- Is Histrionic Personality Disorder a mental illness?
Yes, HPD is a recognized mental health disorder, classified as a Cluster B personality disorder by the DSM-5.
- How is Histrionic Personality Disorder diagnosed?
A trained mental health professional usually based on the person’s reported experiences, behavior patterns, and sometimes, a psychological evaluation.
- What is the treatment for Histrionic Personality Disorder?
Treatment primarily includes psychotherapy. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is commonly used, wherein the individual is taught to identify and change problematic behavior or beliefs.
- Can Histrionic Personality Disorder be cured?
While HPD might not be ‘cured’ in the traditional sense, targeted therapy can significantly improve an individual’s function and quality of life.
